Cross Fired Furnace, Large Capacity, Engergy Saving, Glass Furnace
1. Brief Description
Glass was used for windows and doors by the Ancient Romans as early as the 4th century.
Glass furnace is a melting device, which is the most necessary and important equipment for the glass industry.
The melting process is divided into five stages as following, each section has its inner connection, affecting each other. If one stage has imperfect performance, it will influence the next stage, and ultimately affect the quality of glass.
glass liquid forming
At this stage, the sinter will melt, and the silicate and SiO2 in the sinter will transform into a flint glass liquid with a lot of gas bubbles. However, its chemical composition and properties are not uniform.
clearing
The glass liquid is continuously heated, its viscosity decreases, and a large amount of gaseous impurities is released, which should eliminate the visible bubbles with the liquid pool.
homogenization
The molten glass is kept at high temperature for a long time, and the ripples are eliminated by the diffusion function, and the whole is homogenized. The temperature of the homogenization can be lower than that of the clarification stage.
The defects in glass production are mainly caused by the melting process, and the melting quality is closely related to the output production quality, production cost, fuel combustion, kiln activity, etc. It is important to ensure that the physical and chemical reactions of the ingredients are well behaved throughout the melting process and that the entire process runs smoothly to create a high quality glass product.
2. Type of Furnace
Capacity
| Small scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: below 50tons |
| Medium scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: 50tons~150tons |
| Large scale furnace | Daily furnace capacity: 150tons plus |
Heating source
| Fired furnace | The combustion fuel can be natural gas, heavy oil, diesel oil…… for this kind of furnace. |
| Electric furnace | Electricity is the fuel for this kind of furnace. |
| Fired-electric furnace | This kind of furnace is mainly using combustion fuel, electricity is used as a supplementary heating source. |
3. Furnace structure
It is the part which melts batched materials and Clearing and homogenizes glass liquid. In the upper space of the melting section is referred to as the flame space, the lower part is melting tank. The flame comes from the burner through the port, which feds in preheated air to increase the flame effiency.
- Heat source supply section
The heated air and gas flow into the pre-combustion room for mixing via this access after they flow out of the regenerator. This is also an access for the flue gas to flow into the regenerator from the flame space.
Batched materials feed into the furnace through dog house, the heat is transferred via flame space to the glass liquid.
It is a part for cooling and homogenization of the glass liquid, which is also an access for glass liquid distribution.
- Waste heat recovery section
A waste heat recovery device is designed for improving the flame temperature of furnace, which could heat the combustion air and gas by using the waste heat and then to increase the flame temperature and save energy.
- Gas supply and waste gas exhaust
A gas supply and waste gas exhaust system is designed to ensure the continues, regular and efficient operation of the furnace, which includes double deck reversal unit, air and gas flue channel, middle flue channel, blower, main flue channel and chimney.
4. Furnace melting technology system
The temperature must be strictly controlled, it will affect the melting rate of the glass, the convection of the glass liquid, the conditions of the glass formation, the fuel combustion, the furnace activity and so on.
temperature
The temperature refers to the temperature of the furnace, not the temperature of the entire furnace. The temperature profile is from the melting tank through the length of the furnace.
pressure
The furnace pressure is the static pressure of the gas system, which is determined by the pressure distribution curve.
bubbling
The stability of the shape and position of the bubbles is an important indicator to measure the melting performance, which will also affect the production capacity of the furnace and the quality of the molten glass.
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